Todays Changing Families Essay Example for Free

Todays Changing Families EssayIntroduction P atomic number 18nts play a crucial role in almost every aspect of a chelas development, especially because they are the first people who get to teach them grassroots knowledge from the time of their birth. They are the ones who teach them, or at least, helped them learn, basic skills such as walking, speaking, and former(a) things that they can use for the development of other skills.Aside from directly teaching or training them to these basic skills, the presence of the parents excessively contributes to the baby birds emotional state. refers who give their infantren their full upkeep would be a factor for to the babes happiness, usually resulting to children who are generally more(prenominal) lively and expressive of their own feelings.The emotional state of a child is extremely important to give time to because it ripples almost to all the other areas of the childs life. It affects the childs motivation to do other things, including the manner by which he or she deals and intereacts with peers. Lack of proper nurturing may result in an unhappy child and may develop in other behavior problems. In recent years, depression in children, from infants to pre-schoolers, had been recognized as a clinical disorder similar to depression in adults.This can be characterized by a childs lack of facial expression, temper problems, frequent tantrums, and other symptoms. Usually, this condition arises because of the lack of time devoted by the parents for their children.A nonher reason could be various family problems that can horizontal prove to be traumatic to a childs memory, resulting to fears and other behavior problems.Family problems are commonly attributed to conflicts between parents for different reasons. These conflicts may develop into bigger and chronic blood problems that could lead to separate and separation whose unpleasant effects would fall on the child, as such problems would render the importa nt development stages unattended to. This is to add to other traumatic experiences that the child may experience along the process.Not only quarrels between parents can affect the childs emotional state. When both parents are working, they may not be able to spend quality time with their children. Usually working parents seeks the help of caretakers during the day which would take the place of the nurturing that should have come from the parents.There are available daycare schools that offers this services, but it is argued that the development of a child is unagitated better handled by his or her own parents. Parents who work during the day most plausibly would not get to know their children wholesome, as they are not physically involved in taking care of the child, and this proximity plays an important role in the development of their relationship.When a child is inflicted with depression, it can manifest in different ways. Usually this would come in the form of tantrums or ang er, and would try to get the parents attention as much he or she could. The child would try harder to do get their attention when the parents do not give it already, but when they child was still not able to get the attention he or she wants, the child may give up and go to a state where the child distances himself from the parents. This is considered as the childrens defense mechanism against the possible future emotional pain that can be inflicted once the attachment grows and the parent does not give equal attention to the child.Quality time as an important factorSpending time with children is vital in order to achieve a healthy relationship between parents and their children. This will not be possible if the parents themselves are not ready to parenting life, or are just plainly immature to handle the responsibilities that macrocosm a parent entails. Raising children requires a lot of time and sacrifices for both parents and should be very well planned as part of family develo pment. Some redden consider parenting as a career choice and deems it necessary to choose between a job and being a parent.Quality time could be difficult to come by when both parents are busy doing their own jobs. As such, the relationship between parent and child may not be well enough for a healthy growth of the child, as it could end up as the child feeling unloved and neglected. Usually the parents try to reciprocate their lack of time by rewarding the child with material things, but it is only a matter of time before the child realizes that its not really what he or she wants. These are the cases in which the parents may not know a lot ab expose the childs personal life, even when the child has grown to an adult, as personal involvement was not encouraged nor practiced.Also, when both parents are too preoccupied with their own concerns against each other, such as feelings of jealousy and anger out of his or her partner, they may both end up neglecting the social and emotiona l needs of their child. Coupled with traumatic quarrels, this may well mark to the childs memory and something he or she does not want to look back on.Effects of DivorceUsually the main issues during during events of separate are the differences between the parents. But the effects of divorce to a childs mentality is different, and would require a close inspaction. Divorce needs to be viewed as a permanent condition that goes far beyond the issues about custody and arrangements between their parents. During a study, it is found out that children who had divorced parents got into drugs and alcohol. Also, it was found out that these children have the fear of intimacy and generally became loners.Aside from this, it is revealed that one-third of these children finished only up to high school grooming.Role of parents with the childs education Since the parents are considered the first teachers of their children, they play vital role in the schooling of the child. It had been studied th at the involvement of parents with school activities greatly improves the childrens learning abilities. In this regard, schools are encouraged to foster and maintain activities involving the parents of the students. These activities includes family days where the parents would visit the school for a gathering and get to know the other parents of the students. Also, some schools have associations for teachers and parents that serve as a venue to air concerns and suggestions as how to improve the leadning processes of the school. This is true for all levels, including elementary, high school and university. Activities are not limited to those inside the school as parent-involvement through helping in school work taken at home can also help. Aside from it creating a bond between the child and the parents, it helps in the childs education. During times that the parents visit the school, it is vital that they get to communicate with the teachers so they can form an understanding and asse ssment as to how a child had been doing. This way, any problems can be discussed and addressed accordingly.ReferencesCBC News. (May 4, 2004) Fewer Canadian marriages end in divorce. Retrieved February 27,2008, from http//www.cbc.ca/canada/story/2004/05/04/divorce040504.htmlChild Development Institute. Research Shows Parent Involvement in Education Important To Student Success. Retrieved February 27, 2008, fromhttp//www.childdevelopmentinfo.com/Divorce Law FYI. What is Divorce? Retrieved February 27, 2008, fromhttp//www.divorcelawfyi.com/Divorce Magazine. Divorce Statistics. Retrieved February 27, 2008, fromhttp//www.divorcemag.com/statistics/statsUS.shtmlDivorce Source Website. Stark Legacy of hurt for Kids of Divorce. Retrieved February 27,2008, from http//www.divorcesource.com/CA/ARTICLES/starky.htmlMadison Libraries. Children of Divorce Research Guide. Retrieved February 27, 2008, fromhttp//www.college.library.wisc.edu/research_guides/childdivorce.shtml

IMPORTING AND EXPORTING Essay Example for Free

IMPORTING AND EXPORTING EssayI think that this argument is in the best interests of the orbit as a whole because they would not be worried about jobs and it will keep the overall populations wages low to increase countrys overall manufacturing exports. Yes, mainland China is a mercantilist Nation because Chinas commercial engagement with the rest of the world is largely contributed from mercantile theory. No mercantilism is not a bankrupt theory and it has a place in the modern world because to lower the cost of ingatheringion and hence nickel-and-dime(prenominal)er products to increase exports and domestic ask of such domestic goods. Yes China has an economic policy that can be characterized as neo-mercantilist. What should the United States, and other countries, do about thisChinas commercial engagement with the rest of the world is largely scripted from mercantile theory export boosting policies that are meant to stimulate a balance of payment in Chinas favor, ie, manip ulating their currency to keep it artificially devalued in support of cheap capital exports and a mechanism of forced high savings, which in effect promotes policies that subsidizes Chinese manufacturers (to lower their cost of production and hence cheaper products to increase exports and domestic demand of such domestic goods) at the expense of their own households and manufacturing jobs in the consumption-crazed US-and-Eurozone a process that leaves Chinas state-coffers endowed in huge surplus reserves. b) What incentive does China construct to open its markets to foreign products?Why might China resist such a move? Incentives By opening its markets to foreign products, China can achievement its comparative advantage and specialize in the production of goods that it produces most efficiently and to buy good that it produces less efficiently from other countries, even if this means buy goods from other countries that it could produce more efficiently itself. Hence, companies in China can lower their overall cost structure or improve the quality and functionality of their product offering, allowing them to compete more effectively. Besides, globalization is becoming

Nokia vs Apple Case Study

Nokia vs orchard apple tree Case StudyThe Board of apple iTunes has request a report that seeks to examine the key macro and micro environmental factors within the symphony d takeload effort and provide signifi basint in springation regarding the menses menace of Nokia entering the medicament download martplaceplace. Also, recent trends should be observed and a strategy has to be developed that will limit Nokias impact and cling to Apples market sh argon within Europe. In order to do so, we used signifi goatt instruments to analyse the market and we formulated a strategy accordingly.2.1 Apples Mission asseverationApple is committed to bringing the best personal computing experience to student, educators, creative professionals and condumers arounf the world through its innovative hardw be, softw ar and iternet finish uperings. Apple continious to lead the industry in innovation with its award-winning computers, OS X operating system and iLife and professional applications. Apple is also spearheading the digital media revolution with its iPod portable medical specialty and depiction players and iTunes online store, and has entered the online phone market this year with its revolutionary iPhone.2.2 Apples strategyApple inc. is a vertic whollyy integrated ac beau monde, manufacturing and supplying all hardware and software as strong as its own operating systems. Apple Inc. chose this strategy so they could retain profit and ensure profit is non lost by financing another(prenominal) companys profit margins. The practice behind this theory is to heavily finance research and development and nourish have the necessary means of production to cover all areas of the business. Marketing and advertising are also a key component in Apple Inc.s strategy to have a better market position.2.3 Apples marketTo exactly define Apples market is nearly impossible as the company takes actuate in the multimedia system download market by offering a wide range of ar med service interchangeable music, ringtones, games, Podcasts and movies (most popular is their iTunes service) as well as having deep entered the mobile phone market with its juvenile iPhone. The multimedia download market is described by Mintel as anything that can be copied from the Internet to a PC, other portable dodges (mobile phones, PDA), game consoles or multimedia devices (Mintel, 2007). This includes music, video/ television system programmes, games, wallpapers, icons and ringtones. For our report we will focus on the music part which is of especial(a) interest to the Board of Apple iTunes although some consideration about the whole multimedia download market will have to be done, as Apple provides a variety of multimedia services and a reduction of the market to the music download market might be to narrow some propagation.Apple is not yet part of the mobile download market (un comparable Nokia that has entered this market with its forward-looking Ovi service and th e launch of its N-Series devices) as this market is strictly defined by Mintel as products that are downloaded to a mobile phone, including ongoing subscription purchases or single one-off downloads. These products include icons, wallpaper, ringtones, music, discussion or video clips, jokes and games. These services are for mobile phones scarce and resembling items downloaded to a PC are excluded (Mintel, 2005) .The mobile phones market is existence defined by Mintel as handset manufacturers and network service providers (Mintel, 2007).3. Overview of the multimedia download marketThis overview has been generated on the base of a Mintel report about uploading and downloading in the UK in 2007 and the figures provided only show the UK market. Since it can be assumed that the UK market does not differ dramatically from the Europeen market since network providers, third party providers and mobile manufacturers taking part in this market are accessed through the world wide web and th erfore are also macrocosm used from Europeen customers, the facts given can be modify to the Europeen market.The multimedia download market and curiously the music download market is a exuberant changing and steady growing emergent market that is characterised by high fragmentation as more than and more players such as mobile phone manufacturers, network- and third party providers enter the market.Market Size and partitioningThe UK look upon for the download market in 2006 has increased 179% above 2002 to 343 jillion and especially the growth of music downloads is acting as a of import device driver for the market and is overtaking mobile phone downloads that have been the largest segment of the market in the past. Mintel forecasts further expansion of the market between 2007 and 2009.Market ShareThe multimedia download market is a highly fragmented market with many players, that is existence dominated by Apple iTunes with nearly 80% market share. Third-party providers i lk Napster, MonsterMob, iTouch and Zed are also an imporant source of the market, although in the case of mobile downloads network providers are significant too.Key Points of the Internal Market EnvironmentAn change magnitude appetite of consumers to benefit from new technology can clearly be recognized and especially in the music download market, consumer interest has increased imputable to innovative product launches, such as the Apple iPod. Also, at that places a trend for technology devices to blend functions that have been associated with only one product, as recent examples like the Apple iPhone or the freshly announced Google Gphone show.Key Points of the External Market EnvironmentThe current lack of decree regarding copyright issues, encourages people away from well-grounded download services. A trend being recognized by Mintel is that ad-supported content is getting more and more accepted from customers as they are more unstrained to download from official sources if the content is free.The FutureMintel predicts that rather being an total-on downloading will become an activity carried out on most devices. As a result mobile Internet surfing will increasingly become mass market4. Key factors to succeeder for AppleThe companys wide and always up-to-date range of downloadable files.The companies fresh and exiting presentation of services and devices that delivers the attitude towards the customer that downloading is fun.Design and fashion have prove highly important for the company, as their products are being regarded as hip and stylish.The ease of use for its products and services.The companys innovative technologies.Strong branding that attracts new customers, keeps older ones and creates additional value.Highly effective advertisingMany conventional and informal cooperations with big multinational firms5. PESTEL-AnalysisEconomical aspects Consumers shortly feel truly safe about their financial situation and about their prosper life. As a result to that, they are willing to spent more in fast moving propers and luxury. However, costs evole to be the most important factor for customers when it comes to acquire a mobile phone and additional services as well as downloads.Socio-cultural aspects Theres a trend in the mulimedia download market towards targeting young consumer crowds, since these groups show higher(prenominal) interest in downloading and are less qualifyive towards new technologies. Despite this trend Apple have to consider that older consumer groups are usually wealthier than younger people and have more money to spent and it is also important for the furture to meditate that the overall population is growing older.Technical aspects The wide range of fast changing high-tech/high-quality download possibilities, encourages consumers to download scarce it also puts more drag on competing firms, as they have to stay up-to-date with the newest technologies. Considerable developments in the mobile phone market (3G handsets fair reality and expanded features available to the customer) will push the multimedia download market into new spheres and will assailable up great opportunities for Apple.Still, since Apple is taking part in a highly competitive market with new technologies arising and changing in a very fast rate product-life-cycles are short and companies have to invest strongly in RD in order to stay competitive and to fullfil the market demand.Legal aspects Issues of copyrights and illicit downloads greatly affect the music download industry and are a major problem for active legal providers. A former lack of legislation in this area has encouraged consumers away from commercial downloading services and as a response to this, new technologies have been introduced that protect the copyright of owners and prevent customers to download and share files illegaly. Digital Rights Managment (DRM) was created to controll the number of copies that can be do from a download and al though for the music industry there are many positive aspects to DRM, there are surely as many negative for the consumer. Therefore, some companies have already planned to open big portals on DRM-Free tracks, that will legally alter the consumer to download files without being limited to a certain number of computers, portable digital devices and CD burns for a reaonable price. Moreover DRM-Free tracks can be play on any MP3 loose device Although Apple has already updated its offer with DRM-Free tracks, the choice for customers is still very limited, as Apple could only strike debates with EMI that sanction them to offer DRM-Free tracks. Also, Apples DRM-Free tracks are more expensive than those of its competitiors which could become a major problem in the future, if the company doesnt adapt its pricing to the market.6. Porters 5 ForcesSubstitute products A substitute product is not a direct alternative to the product a company is selling. For example, the new Sony Walkman media player is not a substitute for the iPod Touch, it is a competitor. However, a personal CD player or MP3 player could be if certain aspects of the market were to change, e.g. price and there was a high elasticity of demand. In the case of iTunes, with music there is a wide range of options for vitiateing music and therefore are many substitutes within the music industry, for example tapes, CDs, vinyl and DVDs. All of these are easily accessible and just as convenient as downloading from the internet. The benefit which iTunes has is that you do not have to buy whole albums you can download shouts individually and at a fraction of the cost of a single song on another format. Also you are able to buy movies, TV shows, audio books and Podcasts, all available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Reports by Mintel have shown that sale price and the volume of sales is falling for non digital media, consequently as a result of internet downloading. Album sales are in dramatic decline largely ascribable to a boost in single downloads. High definition gaming and music channels have also deflected consumers away from buying into the music industry. However, for the future, it is in all likelihood that technological innovation will replace popular digital mediums and formats but we asume that this is not a very big threat for Apple, as the company has proved to always be up-to-date with the newest technologie and will do so in the future.The Threat of new Entrants Already, there are hundreds of media downloading sites available to use on the internet. some are legal and some are not. It is more difficult to block and put barriers up for illegal entrants into the market because they are not abiding by the law and therefore do not have patents, licences or the rights to distribute media, but still do. With legitimate start up companies, there are groovy requirements, possible patents licences to obtain and ultimately the prospect of competing with already well establish ed and reputable companies such as iTunes. Mintel predicts that there will be an influx of new companies willing to invest in the online downloading industry. A big threat for Apple constitutes the entrance of Amazon into the market. The company announced the launch of a new music download portal that offers a wide range of DRM-Free tracks to a reasonable price. Since there are many returnss to DRM-Free tracks, like the fact that users can legaly copy the files without being restricted to a certain number of copies, consumers are anticipate to highly welcome the new download store. Apple has to be aware of the fact, that it could loose twain new and old customers by restricting them to Digital Rights Management tracks that can only be played on Apples iPod and not on any MP3 capable device, as it is the case with Amazon. Another threat of new entrants Apple has to face is, that the download industry is likely to change towards add-driven downloads, which means that customers wont have to abide for their downloads if they agree to watching adds. Google will launch its own mobile phone, the G-Phone. Googles strategy is to give its services for free to customers and than sell adds to pay for them. Apart from that, Nokias launch of the new Ovi Store together with its new N-Series will be the greates threat of new entrance as it will allow customers to forthwith download files to their mobile which Apples iPhone soon doesnt do.Bargaining Power Of Customers Due to the vast range of direct alternatives and substitutes, iTunes needs to price competitively as well as maintaining reputation and range availability. Consumers are easily swayed to alternative products, especially the ease and free use of illegal downloading sites and therefore need to be drawn in to using legal downloading sites like iTunes. Consumers have great power out-of-pocket to their ability to buy from any one competitor in the music industry and can therefore potentially dictate prices by constantly buying from the cheapest company, thus forcing competitors to reduce prices. Obviously one customer would not make a difference, but collectively customers are strong. As for the Apple iPhone, it has to be considered that network providers have great power over the company, as they could decide not to sell the iPhone or put pressure on the company that forces them to pay a certain amount of their revenues to the provider. At the moment, Apple has restricted itself to one provider, O2, and therefore greatly depends on them selling the iPhone but this will surely change over time.Bargaining Power of Suppliers Similarly to bargaining power of customers, there is the bargaining power of providers. iTunes have to submit to the requirements of the consumer market to be competitive, but on the other hand have the ability to bargain with their suppliers due to the size and reputation of the company, thus they are a supplier and a customer. Due to the volume of sales that iTunes h ave, it would be foolish for companies such as SonyBMG, Universal, Warner and EMI to not compromise on the costs and rights to distribute their music, as their success in the music download market highly depends on the successful distribution of their music, mainly through Apple. This fact clearly limits the bargaining power of suppliers to a certain degree, although Apple has to consider that without their music iTunes could not function as efficiently as the market demands. Therefore a compromise must bring up that suits both companies, a possible agreement could be initial fees plus percentage of sales.Intensity of Rivalry Although the amount of companies operating in the music download market is pretty high, Apple is the clear market leader. Still the multimedia download market is a market in its growth phase with fast changing technologies and many new companies entering the market. At the moment, it seems very unlikely that a company could seriously threaten Apples market po sition but the company has to be aware of the fact that there are other big multinational companies trying to enter the market with new technologies and ways of offering their services.7. The industriousness Life CycleThe multimedia download market is a market in its growth phase that is being stimulated by an increasing desire of customers to benefit from multimedia technology and services. Technical innovations are leading to an increasing number of consumers seeking to interact through the internet and to download their music. The market value of the music download market has shown very strong and is going to rise even more in the future as customers familiarise themselves more and more with the internet and are increasingly aware of innovative technologies. Especially the youth segment pays great interest to the digital download of music and holds out good prospects for long-term growth. At the same time more and more firms are entering the music download market and prices for t echnology and services are expected to fall. Add-driven content services and the entrance of firms offering download services from online portals directly to the mobile will bring new perspectives into the market and constitute a threat and a opportunity at the same time.8. Four Links Model LynchInformal co-operative affiliationsGoogle There are many informal ties that form the alliance between Google and iTunes. The reasoning for the alliance has long been speculated and many believe it is to overthrow the dominant leader in the market Microsoft. With Google developing an Office type package and Apple inc. already having an operating system well established, an alliance could be the key to outsmarting Microsoft and decrease their market share. The main features that form the alliance are as follows Google currently have a video application that has been made available for users to browse freely but cannot download from. Therefore a link to the iTunes website where consumers can download the video can be made available. The link is perfect because customers can view on Google Video and then download from iTunes if they wish. iTunes can be integrated into the Google toolbar or software pack. Also, Google have a sponsored search for the iTunes website where users are directed to the iTunes website and a small fee is provided to Google from the company for the service. CEO of Google Eric Schmidt is currently sitting on the board of Directors for Apple inc. due to the past possible development of the Google iPhone, but this development never really took off. However, he has said recently that Apple and Google are doing more and more things together and there is a possible tablet style personal computer on the horizon. We have similar goals and similar competitors. Though there is no formal agreement or alliance yet.Starbucks Currently only available in the USA, when in a Starbucks coffee bean Shop, any iPod touch, iPhone or PC with iTunes on can connect to the iTunes website for free. There is a Starbucks option on the webpage that can allow you to see the current song that is playing and also the last 10 tracks played. Songs can be previewed and downloaded and will automatically sync to your PC when next connected. This is convenient for the customer and benefits both Starbucks and Apple. titular co-operative linksNike Bringing sports and music together, Apple and Nike have produced the Nike+iPod which is designed to give the ultimate workout experience. In order to benefit from this, the customer must own a pair of Nike+ trainers (Nike+Air Zoom Moire), an iPod and the Nike+iPod sport kit which is what connects the trainers to the iPod. It is connected via wireless receivers. The idea was realised when Apple CEO Steve Jobs conducted research that showed 50% of the 50 million who bought iPods last year used them during a workout. Both companies define their core markets by lifestyle, (Kraft, 2006). Nikes target auditory modality a sport s culture and for Apples target audience it is the creativity culture. Both have come together to create a new profile, thus being the lifestyle and technology that has founded the partnership. The two huge brands have come together to create a fusion brand that will attract massive aid.Coca-Cola Coca-Cola and iTunes teamed up to promote the release of a coke brand music website that had iTunes services integrated into the website. The website would be available across Europe and allow viewers to see the latest up and coming artists and to download podcasts from iTunes. Were harebrained to announce this partnership with AppleTogether we are creating a unique and exciting platform that gives young people a voice and allows them to refresh their music experience any day. (Dominique Reiniche, president of Coca-Cola European Union Group, 2006) 70 million free songs would be downloaded from iTunes in the promotion due to special codes printed on coke bottles. The strategic closing wa s made by Coca-Cola to join with iTunes because of the failure of its own digital downloading website MyCokeMusic, which lost out to iTunes quite badly. The alliance means that Coca-Cola can sell music but it is only iPod compatible due to DRM restrictive measures.Network OperatorsApples strategy was potentially to play the network operators off each other to ensure they got the best deal possible. Apple decided to go for the biggest operators in each of the countrys that they were supplying the phone in UK O2 France Orange Germany T-Mobile. O2 secured their deal by offering 40% of any revenues made from the iPhone and possibly more in commission and other areas. The tactics employed have left Apple highly unfavourable with other Network operators. (Wray, 2007)ComplementorsIt is the complementors who add the value to a company without there actually being agreements or strict negotiations. Companies such as SonyBMG, EMI, Universal and Warner all benefit iTunes because obviously i f it wasnt for these companies iTunes would not function as well as it does and would not generate anywhere near the amount of money that it currently does. Ultimately, Steve Jobs listened to the concerns that music companies had regarding illegal downloading, piracy etc. He came up with the idea for iTunes and this was basically an external source for music companies to make money in the digital downloading industry with minimal effort. It wasnt strictly a way of how it would help Apple, but how it would help the music producers and the industry. Therefore the collaboration of iTunes with the big players in the music industry complemented each other.9. SWOT-AnalysesStrengths Apple is the clear market leader in the music downloadand steady financial performance. Revenues have grown from $5,742 million in 2002 to $19,315 million in 2006 and the companys net profit has increased from $65 million in 2002 to $1,989 million in 2006 (Datamonitor, 2007). Steady financial growth shows the good financial state of the company and builds the base for future growth and expansion. Also, the company has a very strong branding and enjoys a high level of brand recognition and brand awarness that allows the company to differentiate its offers and stimulate sales. Another strengths of the company is defined by its successful distribution of the iPod and its software iTunes. With every iPod sold, the consumer automaticaly installs iTunes on his pc, as it is only possible to download music from Apples original software to an iPod. Moreover, Apple procucts are being considered as hip, stylish and fashionable which is increasingly becoming important for consumers. Furthermore, Apple devices and software attract customers for their convinience, their ease of use and for always being up-to-date with the newest technology. Apple has also collaborated with large brand companies like Nike, Starbucks, CocaCola and Google,which has had beneficial impacts on both Apple and their partners and has created a new profile, e.g. linking sports and music culture.Weaknesses First off all there is to say that although the interconnection between the iPod/iPhone and iTunes has been a key factor to Apples success this restriction could become a problem in the future, as more and more customers are looking for devices and online portals that allow them to download MP3s to any MP3 capable device. Moreover, Apple has only a very limited offer of DRM-Free tracks on iTunes, which can be defined as a strong weakness since an increasing number of customers fancy DRM-Free downloads. Another weakness for Apple lies in its pricing, especially for its iPhone. A Mintel research about the mobile phone market in the UK defined pricing and costs to be the most important factor when it comes to purchasing a phone (Mintel, 2007). Also, the iPhone currently doesnt allow the costumer to directly download files to the mobile, which, compared to the new Nokia N-Series, is a enormous weakness, sinc e it could prevent customers to buy the Apple device and go for the Nokia handset instead. This could lead to a loss of Apples market share to its competitor Nokia. Also, technically, the iPhone isnt quiet as good as its competitor the Nokia N95, as it runs on a slower mobile data service and comes only with a 2 Megapixel tv camera. Another weakness for Apple is, that theyve only chosen one operator in each country where the iPhone is available and thus has restricted the consumers choice of network operators.Threats The comanys biggest threat probably constitutes the entrance of Nokia into the digital download market. By providing the opportunity to directly download files to a handset device, Nokia could gain some of Apples a market share in the digital download market, since customers are increasingly fancying mobile downloads that dont restrict them to a bulky pc or laptop. The mobile download market is one of the most opportunity-rich markets the world has ever seen, as Nokias Chief Executive Olli-Pekka Kallasvuo states (Halper,2007), and if Apple doesnt catch up fast on this opportunity it is running risk to loose its superiour market position to Nokia. Another threat for Apple constitutes the launch of online portals that are specialized in marketing DRM-Free tracks. More and more customers are looking for music that doesnt restrict them to a certain number of copies or to a special device as it is the case with iTunes and the iPod. Although Apple is currently trying to improve its choice of DRM-Free tracks, it still lacks the greater choice and lower price of companies such as Amazon which could lead to custmers switching over from Apple to those in terms of DRM more convinincing sites. Also the threat of illegal download sites would have an negative impact, due to the availability of free digital content that could sway customers away from Apples iTunes.Opportunities Although currently especially the youth customer segment is seen as the major target group for downloading, as these customers seem to be less restrictive towards new technologies, providing more substantial and sophisticated products and services for older and wealthier people could proof very bankable for Apple. With the launch of its iPhone Apple has already done an important move into the mobile phone market that might allow the company to challenge its biggest threat Nokia on their home market. As more and more customers are increasingly becoming aware of innovative techologies and of the benefits arising out of Internet downloading Apple should now take advantage of the great opportunities arising from the fast growing mobile phone download market by making its services directly downloadable to its iPhone as its rival Nokia has already done. Also, the approaching change in the digital download industry towards ad-supported content could be an opportunity for Apple, if the company manages to strike advertising deals with companies that allow Apple to offer ser vices for free to customers who agree to watching ads. This could bring a whole new bunch of customers to the company. Although these customers wont have to pay for the add-supported services, they will probably buy an iPod or an iPhone or another Apple hardware device.10. 1 About NokiaAlthough having its origins in the wood-pulp industry the finnish handset manufacturer Nokia has become a global leader in the manufacturing of mobiles and mobile networks and is now the market leader in the mobile phone market with 36% of the worlds market share. In 2006 the company sold 290 million units and therefore it sells more phones than its three nearest competitors combined. More recently the company has made a move into the mobile download market, which was considered by Nokias president and fountainhead executive Olli-Pekka Kallasvuo to be one of the opportunity- rich markets of all time (Fildes, 2007), by launching its new multimedia online portal Ovi, which consists of the three compone nts Nokia Music Store, N-Gage Service and Nokia Maps and acts as gateway for consumers to Nokia services. The company has done this as an answer to the announcement of Apple that it would launch a new iphone and therefore enter the mobile phone market, which constitutes a serious threat to the finnish handset manufacturer in its home market. Nokia is now going from a purely hardware-driven company to the service sector and is becoming a player in the multimedia solutions market.10.2 Nokias Mission StatementNokia focuses on bringing people together by providing consumers with human technology that fulfills peoples need to make it and share. Nokia aims to provide technology that is intuitive, beautiful and a joy to use. The companys strategy relies on growing, transforming and building its business to ensure its future success and it sees the internet as its main quest, due to the continously changing communications industry with the internet at the center of this transformation. The companys vision is a world where everyone can be connected.10.3 Nokias new N-Series compared to Apples iPhoneNokia has launched its new N-Series which consists of the tout ensemble new N81 device and an upgrated version of its flagship N95. The N81 is a music-orienated handset which enabels the consumer to directly download songs from the Nokia Music Store to the mobile. This opportunity makes the handset superior to Apples new Iphone as consumers no longer rely on a PC or iPod but can directly download their files to the mobile. The N81 has a 8GB memory with the capacity to store 6000 music tracks, which is about the same as the new Iphone, and it uses a 3G connectivity. The Apple iPhone uses a slow mobile data service called EDGE and that makes it about four times slower than the N81. The new N81 will cost about EUR 360 and is therefore slightly cheaper than the Apple iPhone which comes about EUR 399. The upgrated version of Nokias flagship N95 is being marketed as a multimedia device and could take on the highly praised iPhone. It comes with 8 GB of storage, a 2.8 inch screen and 3G connectivity and will feature a 5 Megapixel camera, which is a lot, compared to the rather dissapointing 2 Megapixel camera of the iPhone. The N95 costs about EUR 419 and is therefor sligthly more expensive than the iPhone. Technically the Nokia N-series appears to be better than the Apple iPhone since it offers a faster connectivity and a better camera but what makes it really superior to the iPhone is the fact, that the consumer can download files from the Nokia Music Store directly to the mobile. Still the highly anticipated iPhone looks more fashionable and its got the greater consumer attention since many costumers are already familiar with the Apple iPod and Apple iTunes and cant wait for the

Post Colonial Society: Hamza Alvi

Post Colonial Society Hamza AlviIn his influential article on the state in run compound society, Hamza Alvi argues that the original base of the post colonial state apparatus lies in the class forces existing in the colonial sequence Metropole. The childbed colonial state apparatus was to subordinate all(prenominal) the indigenous classes (indigenous bourgeois, the Metropolitan neo-colonist bourgeoisie and the landed masses) in the dependence. It did not rest on any of these classes. On the contrary, the colonial power established highly developed array and bureaucracy to control these classes, thus the state apparatus was overdeveloped.He further argues that if a colony has a weak and lowdeveloped indigenous bourgeoisie, it will be unable at the moment of independence to subordinate the relatively highly developed colonial state apparatus through which the metropolitan power had exercised dominion over it. As an alternative, a new convergence of interests of three competing propertied classes will emerge. to a lower place these circumstances, the bureaucratic- military machine oligarchy, that has a distinct relative autonomy, would play a role of mediator among these classes and will take a top position in the hierarchy of post colonial state. As a result, the state apparatus acquires relatively autonomous role and is not simply the instrument of any of these classes. Conversely, the demands and interests persist no overnight contradictory.Since, this idea was proposed by keeping in mind the political dynamics of post colonial societies of Pakistan and Bangladesh, therefore, my contention is to draw arguments in light of political and hearty changes in these societies. To draw the role of bureaucracy and military in the colonial era, I will verify on Hamza Alvis accounts and lectures of Dr, Yaqoob K. Bangash.Bureaucracy and Military during Colonial eraHamza Alvi mentions that in colonial India the colonial power established the powerful institution s of bureaucracy and military to subordinate other three bourgeois classes. Therefore, the state structure of India was overdeveloped. This cajolery is somehow correct in sphere of bureaucracy, as it was the main source of policy making and issue re resolve.The reason behind the supremacy of bureaucracy was that the colonial apparatus ensured the priority role of bureaucracy in solving the day to day issues of the masses- therefore, the masses accepted their authority. The other possible reason could be the mental one as the politicians used to blame the bureaucrats in front of public to hide their own failures- so, the masses accepted the quality power of the bureaucracy.He assigns with military the same role in colonial state apparatus as he assigns with bureaucracy. Howalways, the modern researches show that the military, in first half of the 20th century, was not as powerful as portrayed by Alvi. In-fact, the military had no role in decision making as most of the policies we re articulated by either parliament or bureaucracy. Moreover, the masses did not know the dominance of military in the state apparatus. Besides, with the beginning of the 20th century the numbers of military psychenels in the Indian colonial army were dramatically reduced.Therefore, it is plausible to say that the Hamza Alvi miscalculated the role of military in colonial state apparatus. Therefore, it suffer be false that if the state apparatus was overdeveloped than it would have been spellially overdeveloped. In the next section, I will investigate, is there was continuity in the role of the bureaucracy? If not, thusly under which circumstances the military and bureaucracy took control of the state apparatus?To answer these questions I will draw a chronology of level offts in post colonial Pakistan with the second of Hamza Alvis and Dr. Ejaz Hussains accounts.Bureaucratic-military oligarchy and PakistanMuslim fusion, as being the vanguard of the movement for national indep endence, inherited the mantle of legitimacy. The Muslim League initially provided the faade of parliamentary government. However, Muslim League leaned heavily on the stature and authority of its leader, Quaid-e Azam Mohammad Ali Jinnah, who died soon after independence. Soon, it lost its bases and started to disintegrate dramatically. As a result, the powerful inherited bureaucracy took a fundamental position. Even during his lifetime Jinnah preferred bureaucratic machinery over electoral politics as he might have thought that a well skilled civil bureaucracy would solve Pakistans various problems, such as the settlement of refugees etc. (Hussain 2010, 280). The inherited military that was not fully developed at that time, choose a strategic partnership with the bureaucracy to accomplish socioeconomic interests (Hussain 2010). Hamza Alvi calls this collaboration bureaucratic-military oligarchy.Bureaucratic-military oligarchy manipulated and installed and barred the politicians an d political parties. In 1958, the prospects of the approaching general elections posed a argufy to the supremacy of the bureaucratic-military oligarchy, therefore, it seized power by abolishing the institutions of parliamentary government. Its noteworthy that the constitution was abrogated by ex military man-turned bureaucrat-turned politician Iskandar Mirza. And Later, Commander in Chief Ayub khan fictive power.But, at this juncture the bureaucratic-military oligarchy employed politicians to extract legitimacy from the masses and in the 1962 spoof democratic politics under Ayub Khans system of Basic Democracy was introduced. Ayub Khan resigned in 1969 but left the reins of power securely in the hands of the bureaucratic-military oligarchy. President Yahya Khan promised restoration of constitutional government and an election was held in declination 1970 which ended in the political crisis which culminated in the secession of Bangladesh.AssessmentsThe cross examining of colonial and post colonial state apparatus of Pakistan, depicts that it was a failure of politicians and political parties quite a than the weakness of three exploiting bourgeoisie classes to a avert the supremacy of bureaucracy and military.It is also apparent that there was not continuity in the bureaucracys principal role in post colonial state apparatus. Ironically, the political leadership itself invited the bureaucracy to adopt the role of the principal actor.Hence, it can be concluded that the Hamza Alvis overdeveloped thesis is null and void on the basis of two arguments. First, he miscalculated the role of the military in the colonial era that ca-cas the basis of his theory ambiguous. Second, despite his emphasis there was no continuity in the key role of bureaucracy and military in a post colonial state apparatus that makes his thesis illogical.Overview Of Personality improver Theorist Carl RogersOverview Of Personality Humanist Theorist Carl RogersCarl Rogers (1902-1987) human ist theorist is best remembered for his nondirective method of therapy. His approach was based on a client-centered form of clinical work. He believed that a humans basic foundation was that of good and positive features. Rogers theory suggests that people aspire to achieve their fullest potential if unhindered. A trained healer should solely be involved with an singular that is willing to participate in the cure process. This paper will review the theories that Rogers favored and how his research impacted the field of psychology.Rogers was natural into a conservative family in a Chicago suburb. His early studies included agricultural, seminary and social philosophy. While pursuing his seminary studies he also took psychology courses at a nearby affiliated school. As his studies progressed he became frustrated with religion and more captivated with psychology. With the influence of psychology instructors he chose to transfer to the affiliated school to travel along his doctorat e in clinical psychology where he first encountered Freudian thinking. Like Freud, Rogers became a clinician. However, his strategies in therapy were far different.In the early years of Rogers clinical and laboratory work he was frustrated with the then established forms of psychotherapy. Kirschenbaum (2004) say that Rogers was impressed at how strong the human will is and how patients will resist even the most skillful therapist interventions when it goes against their purposes or they have not chosen to change themselves. Rogers had become acquainted with relationship therapy from students of Otto Rank, whose focus was on the patients self-insight and self-acceptance within the therapeutic relationship (Kirschenbaum). In 1939, Rogers published his first book, The Clinical Treatment of the Problem Child. This publication launched his dish outer and gave him the opportunity to start communicating his own views on charge and psychotherapy. Now students of Rogers were asking what h is views on counseling and psychotherapy were. By 1942 Rogers published those views in his second book, Counseling and Psychotherapy Newer Concepts in Practice. But Rogers pice de rsistance was the publishing the work that defined his place in psychological therapeutic theory, Client-Centered Therapy Its Current Practice, Implications, and Theory, in 1951.Rogers received many awards throughout his life. He was the prexy for the American Association for Applied Psychology (1944-1945), of the American Psychological Association (APA) (1946-1947), and of the APAs Division of Clinical and Abnormal Psychology (1949-1950) and he was the first president of the new formed American Academy of Psychotherapists (1956). He remained active in his work until his death in 1987. It was poignant to note that on the day of his death, February 4, 1987, a letter arrived to inform Rogers that he had been nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize.Improving the strategies of psychotherapy was very important to Rogers. As a therapist he worked very hard to dig up concepts available to him. As he began his practice he looked to improve the client-centered process, thereby lending to the study of the client-centered approach, also called person-centered psychotherapy. Rogers association with Sigmund Freud was short-lived and his similarity lies in their principal(a) focus was clinical work. B. F. Skinner and Rogers agreed that they wanted to see approximately the same type of person in the future (Hergenhahn and Olson, 2007, p. 455) but Skinner argued that their differences were in the methods they were choosing to arrive at that future-behaviorism versus humanism. In addition, Rogers and George Kelly alike believed that humans sought, and were capable of, better personal . . . conditions (p. 408).There were several events in Rogers early studies and career that affected the development of his nondirective method of therapy. One of the earliest was that of watching his children grow up. Hergenhan and Olson (2007) discussed an early scrutiny of Rogers saying observing his children grow up taught him far more about several(prenominal)s, their development, and their relationships than he could ever have learned professionally (p. 440). In pursuit of his PhD. Rogers learned that the psychoanalytic approach was often unproductive. The one event, however, according to Kirschenbaum (2004), that seemed to influence his historically noteworthy releasing discovery happened while trying to help a mother find a solution to her delinquent sons behavior. Rogers theory that this mothers rejection of her son was the cause of his delinquency was met with no resolution. At the time that they agreed that they had both tried and failed, she queried Rogers about whether he took adults for counseling as well as youths. When he responded with assent, she asked for help for herself. It was this figure that Rogers recognize that it was the client that knew the direction in which therap y should take. Kirschenbaum quotes Rogers saying that it began to occur to me that unless I had a need to demonstrate my own cleverness and learning, I would do better to rely on the client for the direction of movement in the therapeutic process.Additionally, it was at this point in Rogers theoretical progression that he encountered Alfred Adler from which he learned that a therapist could learn more by determining how the patient relates to the here and now (Hergenhan and Olson, 2007, p. 441), rather than focusing the patients history. Boeree (2006) commented on Rogers theories of fulfillment and satisfaction of the needs of all livelihood organisms, even that of plant life-that it is in the nature of all life to expend effort to reach a definitive potential. He further stated that mickle . . . in the course of actualizing their potentials, created society and culture. In and of itself, thats not a problem . . . But when we created culture, it developed a life of its own. Confes sing that culture is not in itself evil, Boeree noted that culture for the most part has helped humankind survive and prosper, but at the same time it may have caused to hinder a persons self-fulfillment.Alfred Adlers concept of melodic line for superiority was a forerunner of Rogers suggestion of the incongruent self. Rogers believed that people, even infants, when given the chance, will choose what is best for them (Hergenhahn and Olson, 2007, p. 443). This is related to Rogers method of Organismic Valuing Process. He believed that watch was the authority on the developing personality. Rogers was noted as saying that Neither the Bible nor the prophets-neither Freud nor research-neither the revelations of God nor man-can take precedence over my own experience (p. 444). Rogers approbative view of the human personality development fostered his belief that humans strive to positively enhance their own experience. He believed that experience took authority over all else, hence he pa rdoned persons that acted negatively attributing it to fear and defensiveness. Negative behavior was not in accordance with nature. Rogers believed that even those who acted out of fear and defensiveness had strong positive tendencies at deep levels which needed to be discovered. According to Hergenhahn and Olsen, the positive tendency Rogers was speaking of was the actualizing tendency (p.443).According to Rogers, actualizing tendency is the driving force as opposed to Freuds instincts as the driving force behind personality. Using actualizing tendency, humans evaluate their experiences with the organismic valuing process. This process, Rogers believed was within each human. It is sanctioned by a persons own senses. Other in the environment can de look on and even reject an individuals personal valuing process. When that occurs, many adopt other cherishs to please external sources and the self-actualization goal is stunted. make (2003) suggests this leaves the individual adapting to ideas and values conceived by others and thereby torn amidst what should be a fluid and malleable process, maximizing their ultimate development, and the rigid concepts of others. This can be particularly precarious because as Pescitelli (1996) suggests a person that is self-accepting is more accepting of others. That being the case, the individual may be overly influenced by the ideas of others, corrupting their personal fulfillment. Further, Cooper indicated that with Rogers and other humanistic psychologists the resolution came with reconnecting with the individual experience process. This process could be accomplished with Rogers nondirective, client-centered therapy that uses empathy, unconditional positive work out and congruence (p. 96).In Rogers phenomenological reality, Hergenhahn and Olson (2007) noted that the natural world determines the behavior of people. When the environment interrupts the positive developmental process that takes place naturally, the individu al misses experiences that enhance the self-concept that is positively valued and prepares for the emergence of the self. When an event or experience enters a persons awareness it becomes symbolized according to Rogers (p.444). Pescitelli (1996) commented on the value of an individual realizing their fullest potential and agreed that there needed to be an internal agreement within the individual and that the human capacity for awareness and the ability to symbolize gives us enormous power . . . but he also advised that care be taken, because if the self-awareness is distorted, then the growth may be unstable.Critical to Rogers person-centered approach to therapy is the clients receiving love, care, respect and acceptance from persons that are important the individuals life is the need for positive regard. People want to look appreciated by the people that are most important to them. In the work of Rogers (1979), he stated that each individual has within him or herself abundant res ources for self-understanding, for altering the self-concept, basic attitudes, and his or her self-directed behavior. . . and that three conditions needed to exist to foster a growth-promoting climate in any situation which development of the person is the goal, (1) congruence, (2) unconditional positive regard, and (3) empathetic understanding. Incongruency occurs when people stop using their organismic valuing process. When people lose their sense of value, they begin to lean on society to make choices for them. This is when society begins to determine value over what their internal value system should tell them. Their frame of reference belongs to someone else. This is the first condition that Rogerss suggested was important between the therapist and the client-congruence. A genuineness and realness is imperative on the part of the therapist for the client to excel in their growth potential. Secondly, the unconditional positive regard was the means in which the therapist demonstr ates acceptance of the clients climate at that moment. Moments change, attitudes change and the therapist needs to show nonpossessive sic caring (Rogers, 1979) for the client to flourish. Rogers believed that unconditional positive regard was an essential ingredient of psychotherapy (Hergenhahn and Olson, 2007, p 450). Thirdly, the precursor of the qualified therapist is achievement of empathetic understanding. It is vital that the therapist be so attuned to the client that they can clarify not only the meanings of which the client is aware but even those just below the level of awareness. According to Rogers, this was the ability to listen with real understanding, authentic empathy (1979).One noteworthy event that Rogers participated in was a video recording of an interview with a client, Gloria. This video recording was one of a three part film series comparing three forms of psychotherapy (1) Client-centered by Carl Rogers, (2) Gestalt by Frederick Perls, and (3) Rational emotiv e by Albert Ellis. The client-centered approach ended with remarks by Rogerss interview with Gloria whereas, in essence, he was moved by the process that Gloria progressed through in her efforts of self-discovery starting with her description of her past and moving into her current situation. The evidence was demonstrated by Rogers-the value of the establishing the proper climate for the exchange of information, the genuineness of the therapist and the showing of empathy. These measures gave an observable impact on Gloria (Psychological Films, 1965). A study by Wickman and Campbell (2003) investigated the session between Rogers and Gloria. The study attested to the result of the client-centered approach that Rogers employed. It genuinely made a difference in how Gloria felt about herself, when they reported that she made the statement Rogers had helped me to recognize my potential-my value as a human being gives credit to that concept. Additionally, Rogerss demonstration of empathy, genuineness and unconditional positive regard during the session helped Gloria see that she could be her own operator of change.As far as the analysis of Rogers work and impact on current psychotherapy is concerned, the overall desire of all type of therapy is that of taking care of the patient. In many cases, as Rogerss work showed it is that the patient that knows simply what is causing them trouble. The work of the client-centered therapist is to delve into the patients comments and to help them to uncover a workable solution to their problem on their own. The trained therapist should have the tools to help them to do so.Rogerss concept is very simplistic. There are occasions where a patient or client may have some physical limitation or mental illness that inhibits the progression to achieving a fully functioning person, i.e., schizophrenia, bi-polar disorder, obsessive compulsive disorder and others. Therapy alone may not be the solution, but therapy with medication may brin g the patient very close. Hergenhahn and Olson (2007) observed that Rogers also felt powerfully that a when person that does what truly feels good that is the best guide for action (p.462). They also remarked that Rogers said little about the developmental experiences that are conducive to rosy-cheeked growth.I would posit that talk-therapy like what was demonstrated by Rogers with the patient Gloria is a very effective strategy for someone like me. Intelligent, functioning persons that lack in positive self-esteem or reinforcement, benefit when tactical questions and conversational techniques like those of Rogers are used. It is also noteworthy that Rogers form of psychotherapy is still evident in the work of psychologists today. What is personally evident is that there are numerous therapeutic strategies available to psychologists that are positioned to help persons effectively grow and prosper in this fast society that surrounds humankind today. The path that has been laid and that is being laid is vast. Personalities are challenging to decipher and it takes a psychologist willing to learn about and assimilate the overplus of information and patterns of therapy available to them to be able to benefit the many which ultimately becomes the few.

Implementing an Attendance System in 3AAA

Implementing an Attendance System in 3AAAHenry BrownCarry by a forms investigating on implementing an attention system in 3AAABriefPyus Pyxidis shed taken on a jut to investigate the possible attendance systems to be employ by 3AAA academy staff. The investigation should eitherow myself as an employee of PP, to research possible benefit providers, programs and ways of implementing a new attendance system for 3AAA.What is currently used? Before starting my research into different crossways and assists I needed to first find prohibited what current media/service is used by 3AAA to conduct their attendance checks for pupils in their colleges across the country.The use of a hard copy may alike limit the speed of passing the development along to the next represendative in the comp any which you may not get with an online based system.When researching the new alternative I shall keep in assessment the simplicity factor as well as the effective layout used.End User Investiga tionThe first stage to my investigation was to interrogate Andrew Maddison, the Leading appendage in I.T. at 3AAA. I approached the interview in an organised way by using a question sheet which was prepared earlier. I highlighted authorised questions to ask Andrew so that I could incur the most of my metre with him.Fig.1. shows an image of the first scallywag of the completed question theme. Below is a manuscript of the interview paper.Q What would be your most valued feature in your current of documenting attendances?ANeeds to be simple and piano to understand. withstand the current format.Q How much time is required to input your entropy into the document?A Around 20 minutes. However, data has to sit around for up to 4 days before it is sent away to head office. Due to this no immediate action tramp be taken if there is a problem. Q Does the time taken need to be addressed and or shortened?A This could be dealt with by bringing in an online system. Possibly cloud based. This could be used with many different administrative secures to exit the right people to view the data. This could be achieved by using an independent online service.ConclusionThere was a lot of useful information self-collected from the interview. Some of the main points drawn suggested that a cloud based service may be the best way to go with the shed. This would also aid product function and efficiency in communication as well as speed and ease of implementation across the whole of 3AAA.Investigation of ServicesThis portion of the investigation focuses on the service that would best suit the regurgitate. I pass on take into consideration price, ease of use and reliability of the service.In this section I looked at 5 of the top cloud based services which all had their positives and negatives. I worked the 5 down into the two best services to further compare which leave aid in choosing the best option. The two options which I narrowed down where Microsofts Azure service and Amazons AWS.Microsoft AzurePositivesNegatives-Control MA allows you to confine access and combat-ready Directory on the service. This allows more freedom and control. The service also allows for multiple administrative users who can all create amendments and have an input into the system.-The long-term trajectory is not very clear. There are possibilities of Microsoft not fully committing to the service down the road.-Platforms Rival platforms and operating systems are supported on this system.-Microsoft are not innovators in the industry for this service.-Lifespan Annual upgrades are in effect and will allow the service to work and run for a prolonged amount of time. The system should be supported for the next 10 years if not longer.-Open source applications do not have the alike amount of support as Microsoft applications which can make it difficult in fault finding.PricingMicrosoft Azure has been the cheapest option with both quoted prices being lower than AWS. The drop in prices everywhere a two-year tip shows how Microsoft are finding more efficient and cost effect ways to run their service.Amazon AWSPositives Negatives -Features The service offers very similar things to Microsoft Azure.-Outages This service has a account statement of outages and can be unreliable.-Scalable The service will allow for expansion very easily as it is like paying for water or gas. The Service can expand with the businesss needs. Speed The download speeds from the service can sometimes be slow unless extra amounts are paid.-Costs Can eliminate large IT overheads and be more cost effective by using this service. Transactions These can become expensive and the user may even need to pay for activity as well as additional storage.PricingConclusionAfter an in-depth comparison of the two services I have decided to choose Microsoft Azure as my service provider for this investigation. I have based my choice on both features of Azure, the cost and the prospect of prolonged support. Azure offers a more competitive pricing package as well as offering better support for the identify. The uptime and SLA packages are far superior to AWS making MS AZURE the right choice for the Register platform.MoSCoW MethodThe MoSCoW method is a prioritisation technique used in business, project, web, analysis and a much larger tramp of management. The Method is very effective at doing the project leaders/managers in prioritising the most important factors. The work of prioritising the most important sections will help in the success of the project. For example if the priority of a project is to create a simple and effective programme of a website that chooses function over aesthetic, whence this can be easily highlighted in the MoSCoW method to make it easier to follow. So the project would show Must have A well-functioning engine on the website to insure that the system functions to a high standard. Should have A budget of 200,000 or less. Could have Offline featu res. Wont have An instant messaging service. E.g.This method is good for working with time constraints as it allows the project manage to pick the most important aspects which MUST be completed. This then allows for other(a) important but not as pivotal factors to be added to the other sections such as SHOULD and COULD. Many projects will say that they would like to have at least 60% essay put into the project as a minimum. (Even if time and resources are short the effort cannot drop below 60%) As the scale moves down to lesser priorities then 100% effort would be needed to achieve the lower options.Fig.7 (2017). 4.bp.b logspot.com. Retrieved 17 January 2017(M) Must hold inThese will be the fundamental requirements needed to check over that the project can be a success. These areas have been highlighted by the client as important and integral functions.PriorityRequirementsSpecification1Simple and easy to useKeep design simple yet s bank stylish as well as keep the tools/buttons as clear as possible.2Permissions for different staff This is to prevent unauthorised access to certain files, settings and other areas which can be effected.3Encryption and SecuritySSL level encryption will be used to protect the students data and the system will be locked down to prevent an unauthorised access or hacking.4Home pageboy and DashboardThis will be used to make it easier to navigate the website and improve the function(S) Should HaveThese requirements are not as important or as critical as the ones previous. They are still an important part of the project however they are not critical. Due to tight time frames Should specifications can be held back till another time or fit in after the Must have been completed.PriorityRequirementsSpecification1The budget of the project should be 200,000Keep costs down where possible and meet deadlines to check off no further costs are added due to delays. (Client specified to keep below 200,000 if possible)2The project will have a 6 m onth timeline The client needs the system to be up and running by the end of August 2017.3The system will use both off the shelf products and custom made servicesThe blend of custom and off the shelf will ensure that the system will suit the specific needs of the client as well as help to keep the cost down at the same time.4Colour secret writing system will be used for impart, Absent and Late etc. This will show an easy to understand visual representation as well as written e.g. P,A and L will be used to represent the different options as well as the colours.(C) Could HaveRequirements in this section are to be done if the right resources are available and if the client decides for more options. These are not as important as the other two sections above and are only to be attempted once the two previous sections have been completed.PriorityRequirementsSpecification1 spirited colour strategyColour scheme will make it easier to navigate and add a more aesthetic feel to the site.2C olour coding Colour coding within the register itself will make it easier to read and understand.3Dropdown menusThis would make it easier to navigate the site and r individually the different areas faster.4 oarlock inactive users The administrator can be informed of inactivity of users.(W) Wont HaveThis requirement is something that is not necessarily needed for this project and will at long last be decided by the client stakeholders in the future to see if it is needed in an extension of the same project.PriorityRequirementsSpecification1nictitation messaging service This is an expensive and time consuming service to create and set up. 3AAA already have ways of communicating so this wont be needed.Life daily roundI have elect to use the Agile Lifecycle model for this investigation as it has many useful features which would insure a successful implementation of the service to 3AAA. This project would need a tailored plan to correctly implement successfully, the iteration feature in this lifecycle model would allow for safe checks and assorted award releases to be tested before the system in launched. Fig.6. shows a detailed diagram of the Agile Lifecycle Model with the relevant sections and detailed iterations.The Agile development cycle would work extremely well to meet the needs of the project. The multiple iterations of the cycle will allow the development serve well to be as effective as possible. The cycle will be very effective for the projects timescale of 6 months as it allows the developers plenty of time and iterations to get the system working as effectively as possible. The agile cycle allows the project managers to break the project down itself into smaller and more manageable areas. This works hand in hand with the MoSCoW project and will make the project more scalable to the team creating it. The different sections of the MoSCoW theory will work very well with the cycles iterations to ensure each stage Must, Should, Could etc. are completed in the correct order and to a level which will meet the clients expectations.Design FunctionI have designed the website to run on an array of Internet Browsers however I have used screenshots from Google Chrome as the service works best on the specific browser.Below are a series of screenshots from the Beta copy of the proposed Attendance System.Login PromptThis would be the primary interface for the users to gain access to the service. The 3AAA genus Phallus of staff would simply need to search for https//www.3aaa.co.uk/login/attendance-register in their browser to reach this page.The member of staff would use a unique login name such as J_Smith for example to login. The password would be customisable by the user to best insure security for that users online profile. (The password change feature can be found in the settings tab on the drop down menu at the top of the page.)Particular members of staff would have Admin rights to the service to allow for editing, new menus and featu res to be added. This performer that the webpage can be maintained correctly and work as it should. Staff with Administrative rights will have a slightly different colour scheme to indicate the users rights on the page so that it would be easily to identify the different users. For example, an Administrative user would have a red band at the top of the page just above the drop down menu.OverviewOnce the user has successfully gained access to the service they would usually navigate from the home page to the Register area via the drop down menu. Once in the Register area the page will default to the Overview section.The Overview section shows a detailed overview of the students in the staff members selected class. The data provided is the students ID number, Name, Days present as well as a chart to the far right showing how many days absent, present and if they were present in the Am and or PM sessions.RegisterThis section allows the staff member to input the data to the online syste m. It is easy to follow and use as the user can simply place a Y to present a tick and an N to show a cross in the wanted box.This service allows a real time update to 3AAAs records which will be stored on Microsoft Azure protected hosts. The live update allows 3AAA staff members to receive updates from all of the colleges across the UK at the same time to keep their records up to date. ReportThe Report section shows a detailed report of a specifically chosen learner from the academy/college. A full term for the learner can be viewed and displayed with further options to edit from certain staff members.This section shows a column with how many days have been missed by the pupil as well as days present.Different students can be selected easily and various information can be seen about the learner such as guardians, student ID numbers and DOB.Student ListThis section shows the current pupils of the staff member. ofttimes like the report section, details and information about stude nts are displayed.Information about students can be altered in the Edit tab as well as new students can be added through this feature.Other sections are available such as Download, Comments and Edit, however they are relevant to this investigation and a normal feature which is seen on many different sites.ConclusionThe Beta is still a work in progress however I believe I have achieved the desired design, functional and usability features requested by 3AAA. I have followed a 3AAA colour scheme to fit in with other websites and products promoted by the company.The prototype/demo of the online system can be seen above. Below is a further update to the online system after the Agile cycle was followed again. The project was cycled another three times to refine the sites functionality and aesthetics. The site has maintained many of the positive aspects of the beta and prototype however the site has been created to appear more user friendly and more professional. See shots of the site belo w.Mobile AccessThe site can also be accessed via mobile devices. This is to make the function and use as simple as possible for the users and students. The teachers can use this feature too however it is primarily created so that the students can access it whilst in break out rooms or when they are first entering the college so that the register times are as accurate as physically possible. This will allow for reports to be sent back to head office as soon as possible so that there are no delays. The mobile site uses a very similar layout to the browser version however it is slightly adapted to best fit the mobile browsers and thus make the function and design more accessible to the users and students. Below is screenshots from a mobile device showing the site loaded into a browser.ImplementationIn this section I will look at the ways I can implement this service across the company. I must investigate the ways 3AAA currently distribute data and follow a similar path. Due to fact I h ave based the attendance system on a cloud based service there will be no need for software packs to distributed around which many attendance systems are based on. This process can be fairly expensive and the problem of 3AAAs hardware in their sites could cause a problem. The auditing process would also be very lengthy.This confirms that the cloud based platform may be the best way to go for the system. The service is well looked after by Microsoft as it is part of package. Another added perk in the service is that more server space can be purchased easily if the site ever needed expanding.ConclusionThis concludes this investigation into a new attendance system for 3AAA. I have covered the customers requirements, researched a service provider, developed a function able webpage to use as an attendance system and described the implementation procedure I plan to follow. The system has been designed to make the day to day function of signing in/marking the register easier for both the teachers and students. The website can be reached by both computer and mobile devices to make it as simple as possible for the students to access the site to sign in and use it.The register will be implemented gradually by using both Medias at the same time to ensure that it is working correctly before finishing with the paper and pen copies. This will ensure that accurate registers are still sent to head office and the users and students can be integrated into the system effectively.3aaa have over 50+ academy sites around the UK with thousands of learners who attend on a frequent basis. This means that the system must be as full proof as possible to ensure an effective transition in the academies.The ease of use of having the system on the students mobile devices will ensure that the sign in process is as accurate as possible due to the speed in which the students can access the site through a mobile web page and log on. This process will allow for an accurate time stamp as the lea rners arrive to site as opposed to waiting until they were behind their desks to log on to the desktop site which would not be until after college had started at around 915 and would give a false reading.The system would also have all the information needed for students to contact the academy and individuals inside the academy. The students can use options on the site to report illness or and habitual absences. This can also be done through their mobile devices as well as a desktop browser. This will allow for staff at the college to know if a learner will be attending or not as soon as possible and will avoid any delays for 3aaa.Reference ScreenshotsReferenceshttp//www.businessnewsdaily.com/6730-best-time-and-attendance-systems.htmlhttps//azure.microsoft.com/en-gb/services/sql-database/https//www.syntaxismyui.com/taking-attendance-with-xamarin-beacons-and-microsoft-azure/https//xamarin.com/http//www.slideshare.net/kcsq8/kuwait-computer-servicesibatimeattendancebrochureenhttps//xam arin.com/downloadhttp//npifinancial.com/blog/pros-and-cons-digging-into-amazon-web-services/http//geekswithblogs.net/hroggero/archive/2015/08/12/sample-pricing-comparison-2-amazon-aws-and-microsoft-azure.aspxWww.Google.comwww.3aaa.co.uk

An Ecomomic Forecast :: essays papers

An Ecomomic Forecast Evaluating the bull marketplace today, it is almost impossible to pick up a financial journal without seeing intelligence information on the bull market that round consider to be overvalued. Overvalued or fairly valued, only the future will show the truth. Either way, this market is single that has shown greater run ups and returns, than any other market in history. (Reference Appendix 1a) Recently the Dow Jones Industrial Average has reached historical highs and then receded back to previous levels, departure investors who are used to consistent and record setting gains month after month, baffled. Both the Dow Jones and the S & P 500 indices have seen modest and even like a shot performances over the past three months. (Reference 1b) A recent article that was published on the front page of the Wall Street Journal emphasized that returns were flatbed due to the fact that investors were concerned of the possible on set of inflation. If these concerns a re warranted and inflation is thus expected, the Bull market may very well be over. This after all makes sense, inflation has slowed and stopped many run-ups in the past, and the onset of inflation now could very well do the same. While the article introduced some possibilities, it said nothing of the likelihood, the causes of, the Fed.s reactions to, and the probability of expected inflationary increases in the future. This paper is thus dedicated to expanding on these ideas by exploring the rationality of these concerns by examining the circumstances skirt inflation. It is my speculation that the Bull market may eventually correct itself in the future, but not in the short term due to immediate inflation. That is, that the market was in fact flat due investors concerns, but actual imperative inflation does not look to be expected in the near future. In order to begin to understand the nature of market trends and forces, one must first consider the current state of the U.S. econom y relative to its business cycle. trusted aggregates can be measured that tell us a great deal about this. These aggregates have a strong history of leading, coinciding, or lag the relative business cycle with a high amount of regular correlation. Appendix 2a contains illustrations, which show graphically the trends of the leading, lagging, and coincident indicators over the past few years. These graphs are composites of each group, and upon examination it is clear that all the indicators are rising.

Sleep Apnea: The Unsuspected Killer Essay -- Sleeping Disorders Papers

In spite of their efforts to ensure they obtain sufficient sleep to prevent daytime sleepiness, many people are consistently jade during the day. Some of them have a breathing unhinge called sleep apnea, although they may be completely unaware of this fact. When the symptoms of sleep apnea are unrecognized or ignored, the disorder usually causes a combination of medical, social, and psychological illnesses -- which can become life-threatening over a prolonged period. Although sleep apnea is not a curable disorder, when diagnostic individuals utilize the availability of a simplistic diagnosis process and effective treatments, they will participate in a preventative medicine, adding years to their lives.Although sleep seems to be ...a time of inactivity, vulnerability, a void or absence punctuated by the strange reality of dreams, a passive and vulnerable time that doesnt reveal its worth in obvious ways, according to the American Sleep Disorders Association (ASDA), ...sleep is not merely a time out from daily life. It is an active state, necessity for physical and mental restoration (see Johnson 12 ASDA-SAS 12). In fact, Ralph Pascualy, in his book Snoring and Sleep Apnea, states Scientists were surprised to discover that brains are anything but idle during the night. every bit important as it is for our muscles to recuperate from fatigue while sleeping, our brain requires sleep in order for us to feel rested and function normally (26). afterwards learning of the extensive value of sleep, one should make every effort to ensure they have plenty of time to not only achieve deep quantity of sleep, defined by hours (differing among individuals, and varying according to age and circumstances), but also quality sleep, define... ...es. American Journal Respiratory Critical Care medicament cl (2004) 1738-1745. (Referred to in text as ATS-ISUN)American Thoracic Society. Sleep Apnea, Sleepiness, and Driving Risk. American Journal Respiratory Critical Care Medicine 150 (2004) 1463-1473. (Referred to in text as ATS-SSDR)Findley, Larry, et al. Vigilance and Automobile Accidents in Patients With Sleep Apnea or Narcolepsy. Chest 108 (20053) 619-624.Johnson, Scott T., and Jerry Halberstadt. Phantom of the Night. Cambridge New Technology, 2004.Martin, Richard, et al. Indications and Standards for Cardiopulmonary Sleep Studies. Sleep 8 (2001) 371-379.Pascualy, Ralph A., and Sally Warren Soest. Snoring and Sleep Apnea. New York Demos Vermande, 2006.The Center for Sleep Apnea. Patient Information Concerning Sleep Examination. Redding The Center for Sleep Apnea, 2005.